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Compare Christmas Island (2003) - Hungary (2001)
Compare Christmas Island (2003) z Hungary (2001)
| Christmas Island (2003) | Hungary (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 19 counties (megyek, singular - megye), 20 urban counties* (singular - megyei varos), and 1 capital city** (fovaros); Bacs-Kiskun, Baranya, Bekes, Bekescsaba*, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, Budapest**, Csongrad, Debrecen*, Dunaujvaros*, Eger*, Fejer, Gyor*, Gyor-Moson-Sopron, Hajdu-Bihar, Heves, Hodmezovasarhely*, Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok, Kaposvar*, Kecskemet*, Komarom-Esztergom, Miskolc*, Nagykanizsa*, Nograd, Nyiregyhaza*, Pecs*, Pest, Somogy, Sopron*, Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, Szeged*, Szekesfehervar*, Szolnok*, Szombathely*, Tatabanya*, Tolna, Vas, Veszprem, Veszprem*, Zala, Zalaegerszeg* |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
0-14 years:
16.63% (male 862,468; female 818,052) 15-64 years: 68.66% (male 3,406,717; female 3,532,008) 65 years and over: 14.71% (male 546,992; female 939,780) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products |
| Airports | 1 (2002) | 43 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
total:
16 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
27 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 8 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
93,030 sq km land: 92,340 sq km water: 690 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Indiana |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Hungary was part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under communist rule following World War II. In 1956, a revolt and announced withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact were met with a massive military intervention by Moscow. In the more open GORBACHEV years, Hungary led the movement to dissolve the Warsaw Pact and steadily shifted toward multiparty democracy and a market-oriented economy. Following the collapse of the USSR in 1991, Hungary developed close political and economic ties to Western Europe. It joined NATO in 1999 and is a frontrunner in a future expansion of the EU. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 9.32 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues:
$13 billion expenditures: $14.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Capital | The Settlement | Budapest |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers |
| Coastline | 80 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | NA | 18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form:
Republic of Hungary conventional short form: Hungary local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag local short form: Magyarorszag |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | forint (HUF) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 13.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $29.6 billion (2000) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Peter F. TUFO embassy: Szabadsag Ter 12, H.-1054 Budapest mailing address: pouch: American Embassy Budapest, 5270 Budapest Place, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5270 telephone: [36] (1) 475-4400, 475-4703 (after hours) FAX: [36] (1) 475-4764 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Geza JESZENSZKY chancery: 3910 Shoemaker Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6730 FAX: [1] (202) 966-8135 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York |
| Disputes - international | none | Gabcikovo/Nagymaros Dam dispute with Slovakia is before the ICJ |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $122.7 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003. | Hungary continues to demonstrate strong economic growth and to work toward accession to the European Union. The private sector accounts for over 80% of GDP. Foreign ownership of and investment in Hungarian firms is widespread, with cumulative foreign direct investment totaling $23 billion by 2000. Hungarian sovereign debt was upgraded in 2000 to the second-highest rating among all the Central European transition economies. Inflation - a top economic concern in 2000 - is still high at almost 10%, pushed upward by higher world oil and gas and domestic food prices. Economic reform measures such as health care reform, tax reform, and local government financing have not yet been addressed by the ORBAN government. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 35.234 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 2.35 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 3.406 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 36.75 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel:
61.09% hydro: 0.51% nuclear: 38.4% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point:
Tisza River 78 m highest point: Kekes 1,014 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | the approximation of Hungary's standards in waste management, energy efficiency, and air, soil, and water pollution with environmental requirements for EU accession will require large investments |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
Hungarian 89.9%, Roma 4%, German 2.6%, Serb 2%, Slovak 0.8%, Romanian 0.7% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173(2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998) | forints per US dollar - 282.240 (January 2001), 282.179 (2000), 237.146 (1999), 214.402 (1998), 186.789 (1997), 152.647 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state:
Ferenc MADL (since NA August 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Viktor ORBAN (since 6 July 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 6 June 2000 (next to be held by June 2005); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president election results: Ferenc MADL elected president; percent of legislative vote - NA% (but by a simple majority in the third round of voting); Viktor ORBAN elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA% note: to be elected, the president must win two-thirds of legislative vote in the first two rounds or a simple majority in the third round |
| Exports | $NA | $25.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | machinery and equipment 59.5%, other manufactures 29.4%, food products 6.9%, raw materials 2.4%, fuels and electricity 1.8% (2000) |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Germany 37%, Austria 9%, Italy 6%, Netherlands 5% (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory | three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $113.9 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
5% industry: 35% services: 60% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $11,200 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 5.5% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 47 00 N, 20 00 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin |
| Heliports | - | 5 (2000 est.) |
| Highways | total: 240 km
paved: 30 km unpaved: 210 km (2000) |
total:
188,203 km paved: 81,680 km (including 448 km of expressways) unpaved: 106,523 km (1998 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
3.9% highest 10%: 24.8% (1996) |
| Illicit drugs | - | major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis and transit point for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamine and methamphetamine |
| Imports | $NA | $27.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | machinery and equipment 51.1%, other manufactures 35.9%, fuels and electricity 8.1%, food products 2.8%, raw materials 2.1% (2000) |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | Germany 25%, Russia 8%, Austria 7%, Italy 7% (2000) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | 1001 (unification by King Stephen I) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 18% (2000 est.) |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
8.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 9.8% (1999 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ABEDA, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNU, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 16 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 2,060 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly for nine-year terms) |
| Labor force | NA | 4.2 million (1997) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | services 65%, industry 27%, agriculture 8% (1996) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
2,009 km border countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km, Yugoslavia 151 km, Slovakia 515 km, Slovenia 102 km, Ukraine 103 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.) |
arable land:
51% permanent crops: 3.6% permanent pastures: 12.4% forests and woodland: 19% other: 14% (1999) |
| Languages | English (official), Chinese, Malay | Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8% |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | rule of law based on Western model |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (386 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a system of proportional and direct representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 10 and 24 May 1998 (next to be held May/June 2002) election results: percent of vote by party (5% or more of the vote required for parliamentary representation in the first round) - MSZP 32.0%, FIDESZ 28.2%, FKGP 13.8%, SZDSZ 7.9%, MIEP 5.5%, MMP 4.1%, MDF 2.8%, KDNP 2.3%, MDNP 1.5%; seats by party - MSZP 134, FIDESZ 148, FKGP 48, SZDSZ 24, MDF 17, MIEP 14, independent 1; note - seating as of 2000 by party - MSZP 136, FIDESZ 141, FKGP 48, SZDSZ 24, MDF 16, MIEP 12, independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
total population:
71.63 years male: 67.28 years female: 76.3 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 98% (1980 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Central Europe, northwest of Romania |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Europe |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,199 GRT/1,050 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | - |
| Military branches | - | Ground Forces, Air Force; note - there is a paramilitary Border Guard which is under the Ministry of Interior |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $822 million (FY00) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.6% (FY00) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
2,573,119 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
2,050,404 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males:
64,121 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | NA | St. Stephen's Day, 20 August |
| Nationality | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
noun:
Hungarian(s) adjective: Hungarian |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | - |
| Natural resources | phosphate, beaches | bauxite, coal, natural gas, fertile soils, arable land |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 0.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Pipelines | - | crude oil 1,204 km; natural gas 4,387 km (1991) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Alliance of Free Democrats or SZDSZ [Gabor DEMSZKY]; Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Gyorgy GICZY, president]; Federation of Young Democrats-Hungarian Civic Party or FYD-HCP [Laszlo KOVER]; note - used to be Hungarian Civic Party or FIDESZ; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian Democratic People's Party or MDNP [Erzsebet PUSZTAI, chairman]; Hungarian Justice and Life Party or MIEP [Istvan CSURKA, chairman]; Hungarian Socialist Party or MSZP [Laszlo KOVACS, chairman]; Hungarian Workers' Party or MMP [Gyula THURMER, chairman]; Independent Smallholders or FKGP [Jozsef TORGYAN, president] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 433 (July 2003 est.) | 10,106,017 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 8.6% (1993 est.) |
| Population growth rate | -9% (2003 est.) | -0.32% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Budapest, Dunaujvaros |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 7.01 million (1997) |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | total:
7,606 km broad gauge: 36 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 7,394 km 1.435-m gauge (2,270 km electrified; 1,236 km double track) narrow gauge: 176 km 0.760-m gauge (1998) note: Hungary and Austria jointly manage the cross-border standard-gauge railway connecting Gyor, Sopron, and Ebenfurt (Gysev railroad) a distance of about 101 km in Hungary and 65 km in Austria |
| Religions | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) | Roman Catholic 67.5%, Calvinist 20%, Lutheran 5%, atheist and other 7.5% |
| Sex ratio | NA (2003 est.) | at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.58 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000) |
general assessment:
the telephone system has been modernized and is capable of satisfying all requests for telecommunication service domestic: the system is digitalized and highly automated; trunk services are carried by fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay; a program for fiber-optic subscriber connections was initiated in 1996; heavy use is made of mobile cellular telephones international: Hungary has fiber-optic cable connections with all neighboring countries; the international switch is in Budapest; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Inmarsat, 1 very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system of ground terminals |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 3.095 million (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 1.269 million (July 1999) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 35 (plus 161 low-power repeaters) (1995) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) | 1.25 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 9.4% (2000 est.) |
| Waterways | none | 1,373 km (permanently navigable) (1997) |
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